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71.
Anastassios E. Petropoulos James M. Longuski 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1994,60(4):431-454
An exact analysis of the coverage obtained by spacecraft using cross-track scanning and nadir-centered conical imaging, under imposed viewing obliqueness and resolution requirements, is presented. In addition to exact expressions for the area acquired and the area acquisition rate, envelope theory is introduced to obtain the boundary of the imaged area. These expressions are relatively compact, allowing rapid machine computation. The effects of the sun phase angle, and of imaging system limitations are also examined. The Galileo mission encounter with Callisto is used as a numerical example, from which certain general conclusions are drawn regarding optimal imaging trajectories. 相似文献
72.
卫星激光测距的新进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
扼要综述了近几年国际上卫星激光测距的进展,介绍了国内激光测距网的现状,展望了未来卫星激光测距的发展。 相似文献
73.
讲述了同步广播卫星电视时间信号的测量方法和测量结果,获得了CCTV1、CCTV2通过同一颗卫星(亚太-1A)转播的时延差值为16333μs,测量精度在10ns以内;CCTV2、CCTV4分别经两颗卫星(亚太-1A、亚洲-Ⅱ)转播,在陕西天文台卫星地面接收站时延差值为1644.20μs,精度为50μs,并分析了影响时延差值和精度的原因。同时测量了地方电视台转播亚太-1A的CCTV信号与直接接收亚太-1A的CCTV信号的时延差值,其测量精度为0.1μs。这些结果为利用同步广播卫星的电视信号进行高精度的时间服务提供了参考依据。 相似文献
74.
基于ATOVS辐射率资料和GTS常规观测资料融合,通过不同化任何观测资料的控制试验、3DVAR同化试验和ETKF-3DVAR混合同化试验,对2013年7月4—5日一次梅雨锋暴雨天气过程进行模拟分析。结果表明:混合同化方案能够明显地提高暴雨预报准确率,且有效改善了风场、温度场和相对湿度场等各个气象要素的初始场结构,而这些气象要素对于暴雨的预报准确性具有重要作用。且混合同化方案对于中低层大气改进效果较为明显。在数值积分过程中,随着时间的推移,混合同化方案的优势逐渐减弱。 相似文献
75.
In this work, the water vapor product from MODIS (MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) instrument, on-board Aqua and Terra satellites, is compared against GPS water vapor data from 21 stations in the Iberian Peninsula as reference. GPS water vapor data is obtained from ground-based receiver stations which measure the delay caused by water vapor in the GPS microwave signals. The study period extends from 2007 until 2012. Regression analysis in every GPS station show that MODIS overestimates low integrated water vapor (IWV) data and tends to underestimate high IWV data. R2 shows a fair agreement, between 0.38 and 0.71. Inter-quartile range (IQR) in every station is around 30–45%. The dependence on several parameters was also analyzed. IWV dependence showed that low IWV are highly overestimated by MODIS, with high IQR (low precision), sharply decreasing as IWV increases. Regarding dependence on solar zenith angle (SZA), performance of MODIS IWV data decreases between 50° and 90°, while night-time MODIS data (infrared) are quite stable. The seasonal cycles of IWV and SZA cause a seasonal dependence on MODIS performance. In summer and winter, MODIS IWV tends to overestimate the reference IWV value, while in spring and autumn the tendency is to underestimate. Low IWV from coastal stations is highly overestimated (∼60%) and quite imprecise (IQR around 60%). On the contrary, high IWV data show very little dependence along seasons. Cloud-fraction (CF) dependence was also studied, showing that clouds display a negligible impact on IWV over/underestimation. However, IQR increases with CF, except in night-time satellite values, which are quite stable. 相似文献
76.
Although its use is widespread in several other scientific disciplines, the theory of tensor invariants is only marginally
adopted in gravity field modeling. We aim to close this gap by developing and applying the invariants approach for geopotential
recovery. Gravitational tensor invariants are deduced from products of second-order derivatives of the gravitational potential.
The benefit of the method presented arises from its independence of the gradiometer instrument’s orientation in space. Thus,
we refrain from the classical methods for satellite gravity gradiometry analysis, i.e., in terms of individual gravity gradients,
in favor of the alternative invariants approach. The invariants approach requires a tailored processing strategy. Firstly,
the non-linear functionals with regard to the potential series expansion in spherical harmonics necessitates the linearization
and iterative solution of the resulting least-squares problem. From the computational point of view, efficient linearization
by means of perturbation theory has been adopted. It only requires the computation of reference gravity gradients. Secondly,
the deduced pseudo-observations are composed of all the gravitational tensor elements, all of which require a comparable level
of accuracy. Additionally, implementation of the invariants method for large data sets is a challenging task. We show the
fundamentals of tensor invariants theory adapted to satellite gradiometry. With regard to the GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state
Ocean Circulation Explorer) satellite gradiometry mission, we demonstrate that the iterative parameter estimation process
converges within only two iterations. Additionally, for the GOCE configuration, we show the invariants approach to be insensitive
to the synthesis of unobserved gravity gradients. 相似文献
77.
78.
针对GEO卫星切向轨道分量与双差模糊度强相关的问题,对经典双差动力法进行了改进,提出联合使用载波相位和相位平滑伪距实现北斗系统精密定轨,并从理论上分析了以上处理策略的可行性及对模糊度固定的影响,然后结合北斗系统精密定轨特点,推导给出了利用QIF方法实现北斗卫星双差模糊度固定的基本原理,实测数据分析表明:联合载波相位和相位平滑伪距,既可降低相关性,又可兼顾精度,定轨效果优于经典双差动力法;利用QIF方法能够取得一定的模糊度固定效果,但受观测条件限制,北斗卫星双差模糊度固定成功率整体不高,双差模糊度固定之后对轨道的改进作用有限。 相似文献
79.
随着卫星探测技术的进步、天气学和气候学理论的不断完善,以及高性能计算机广泛应用,卫星臭氧资料的种类得到极大丰富并被应用到多个研究领域中,取得了一系列重要成果。文中介绍了主要星载臭氧探测仪的发展概况,回顾了卫星臭氧资料在气象领域的应用研究成果,主要包括卫星臭氧资料在气旋或低压过程中、全球或区域臭氧的气候分布及变化特征、高原臭氧分布及变化特点、数值应用等方面的应用研究,并展望了卫星臭氧资料研究的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
80.
We present the results of a three-year observational program of long-slit spectroscopy and UBVRI photometry of Triton. We find evidence for short-lived albedo variations at wavelengths less than 0.5 μm with the most notable reddening event measured in October 1997 and “normal” colors returning by May 1998. We report a possible variation in the relative 0.73/0.89 μm methane absorption band strengths, suggesting that the transport or denudation of this species may play a major role in the reddening events. 相似文献